many
still recovers the enemies, but they are the ones who are in the air,
"EROS OUK orchestras Squadron with a dyed gullible wave of a
great deal of water and a stream of water flowing through the throat,
and drinking unhealthy bread with brine. The little drifter And the
soul and love of the multimillionaire of Leonardo.330 It was a
wild-eyed exhumation of a girl who had already been married to a
lemon théomoşe Leander 334 1 but the Ald. Lask.hm .:
without the o0 Mss. 39. 156, pp. A. Ludwich, pp. Nonn, D. 11.49, of
91.52, etc. either 324 orgs, or 395 rum, instead of Graefe 3 L. 25
missing in PNV 309 4 Grace, Nonn. D. 14 168, 20 163, 39. dyoneton cp,
etc. a Nd od n): dendin (weak) ass "416 (cp
Description.—I.
THE RIND (Aurantii
amari cortex).
The U. S. P. describes bitter orange peel as consisting of "narrow,
thin bands, or in quarters; epidermis of a dark, brownish-green
color, glandular, and with very little of the spongy, white, inner
layer adhering to it; it has a fragrant odor, and an aromatic, bitter
taste"—(U. S. P.). (For further information regarding bitter
orange, see Aurantii
Dulcis Cortex.)
It is official in Extractum
Aurantii Amari Fluidum and
in Tinctura
Aurantii Amari of
the U. S. P.
III.
THE LEAVES (Folia
aurantii).—These
are borne on a jointed, broadly-winged petiole, and are smooth,
oblong-ovate or ovate, nearly entire, or having a slightly crenated
margin. They are aromatic and have pellucid oil-glands scattered
throughout the blade.Chemical
Composition.—A
bitter crystalline body was isolated in 1828 by Lebreton and
named hesperidin.
It exists in the white parenchymatous tissues of both the orange and
lemon rind, but is found in greatest abundance in the unripe Seville
orange. It occurs, when purified, in white, acicular crystals,
practically insoluble in water, even when hot (1 in 5000 of boiling
water). It dissolves in boiling acetic acid and in alcohol, but
refuses to dissolve in ether, fats, essential oils, and benzol.
Treated with diluted acids it is split into grapesugar
and hesperetin,
insoluble in alcohol. Hesperidin fuses at 245° C. (473° F,);
hesperetin at 223° C. (433.4° F.). A substance analogous to tannin,
gum, resin, albumen, fixed oil, and an essential oil (see Oleum
Aurantii Corticis)
have also been found in the rind.
The
juice of the orange consists chiefly of sugar, mucilage, and citric
acid. Tanret (1886) found in bitter orange peel a bitter, acrid
resin, a crystallizable, tasteless acid having the formula C44H28O14,
hesperidin, an isomeric glucoside (isohesperidin,
C44H26O24.5H2O)
and another glucoside (aurantiamarin),
to which he attributes the bitterness of the rind on account of its
solubility in water.
"The
rind of the fresh fruit of Citrus
Aurantium,
Linné"—(U.
S. P.)
(Citrus
dulcis,
Link). Nat.
Ord.—Rutaceae.
COMMON
NAMES: Sweet
orange, Portugal orange, China orange.
ILLUSTRATION:
Bentley and Trimen, Med.
Plants, 51.
Related
Products.—PAGLIARI'S
STYPTIC. A preparation called Pagliari's
Haemostatic or Styptic,
has been used with some degree of success in hemorrhages. It is made
by boiling together for 6 hours in a glazed earthen vessel, alum 1
pound, tincture of benzoin 8 ounces, water 10 pounds. As the water
evaporates it must constantly be replaced with hot water, so as not
to interrupt the ebullition, the resinous mass being stirred
constantly. Then filter the fluid and keep in stoppered bottles. It
is limpid, color of champagne, styptic in taste, and aromatic in
odor. White resin has been successfully substituted for the benzoin.
Every drop of this fluid poured into a glass containing human blood
produces an instantaneous magma; and by increasing the proportion of
the styptic to the quantity of the blood, a dense homogeneous,
blackish mass results. It is said to be useful in
all arterial and venous
hemorrhages.
In applying it, lint and bandages should be used to prevent the
coagula which form from being removed from the mouths of the vessels;
an application of them for 24 or 48 hours is sufficient.